Both sides are in the process of preparing a format to make the talks purposeful and consequential,was his response when asked about the current status of talks. A three-member team of Indian side of Permanent Commission on Indus Waters (PCIW) is on Pakistan visit to inspect Sutlij, Ravi and Bias rivers over which New Delhi have exclusive rights.The team, headed by its commissioner, has no plan to meet the foreign office officials as it will be entertained by Commissioner Syed Jamaat Ali Shah during its visit to various sites,officials said.Abdul Basit also confirmed it was purely a technical delegation. This team is not to hold talks on controversial matters.However, he said Pakistani Commissioner PCIW Syed Jamaat Ali Shah and his department were fully on board to take their input on the water issue with India.
Pakistan to raise water issue with India: Water issue needs to be resolved asap. This continous tirade of accusations and counter accusations is not good for either side. Perhaps the IWT needs to be reviewed to ensure that the water needs of all nations are satisfied. Apart from other permanent issues including the thorny dispute of Kashmir which has always been used by India to malign and pressurise Pakistan, water of rivers has become a matter of life and death for every Pakistani as New Delhi has continuously been employing it as a tool of terrorism to blackmail Pakistan.
In the recent past, Indian decision to construct two hydro-electric projects on River Neelam which is called Krishanganga in Indian dialect is a new violation of the Indus Basin Water Treaty of 1960. The World Bank, itself, is the mediator and signatory for the treaty. After the partition, owing to war-like situation, New Delhi deliberately stopped the flow of Pakistans rivers which originate from the Indian-held Kashmir. Even at that time, Indian rulers had used water as a tool of terrorism against Pakistan. However, due to Indian illogical stand, Islamabad sought the help of international arbitration. The Indus
Basin Treaty allocates waters of three western rivers of Indus, Jhelum and Chenab to Pakistan, while India has rights over eastern rivers of Ravi, Sutlej and Beas.
The Syrian Civil War, also known as the Syrian Uprising or the Syrian Crisis is an ongoing armed conflict in Syria between forces loyal to the Ba'ath government and those seeking to oust it. The unrest began on 15 March 2011, with popular protests that grew nationwide by April 2011. These protests were part of the wider North African and Middle Eastern protest movements known as the Arab Spring. Syrian protesters at first demanded democratic and economic reform within the framework of the existing government.In April 2011, the Syrian Army was deployed to quell the uprising and soldiers fired on demonstrators across the country. After months of military sieges the protests evolved into an armed rebellion. The conflict is asymmetrical, with clashes taking place in many towns and cities across the country. In 2013, Hezbollah entered the war in support of the Syrian army. The Syrian government is further upheld by military support from Russia, which it stepped up in the winter of 2013-2014 - and Iran, while Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United States transfer weapons to the rebels. By July 2013, the Syrian government controls approximately 30–40 percent of the country's territory and 60 percent of the Syrian population. A late 2012 UN report described the conflict as "overtly sectarian in nature", between Alawite militias and other Shia groups fighting largely against Sunni-dominated rebel groups, though both opposition and government forces denied that. According to the United Nations, the death toll surpassed 100,000 in June 2013, and reached 120,000 by September 2013 In addition, tens of thousands of protesters, students, liberal activists and human rights advocates have been imprisoned and there are reports of widespread torture and terror in state prisons. International organizations have accused both government and opposition forces of severe human rights violations. The UN and Amnesty International's inspections and probes in Syria determined both in 2012 and 2013 that the vast majority of abuses are done by the Syrian government, whose are also largest in scale.The severity of the humanitarian disaster in Syria has been outlined by UN and many international organizations. More than four million Syrians have been displaced, more than three million Syrians fled the country and became refugees, and millions more were left in poor living conditions with shortage of food and drinking water. The situation is especially bad in the Palestinian Yarmouk Camp, where currently 20,000 residents are facing death by starvation from a Syrian army enforced blockade Chemical weapons have also been used in Syria on more than one occasion, triggering strong international reactions. Background:Assad government:Syria became an independent republic in 1946, though Democratic rule was ended by a coup in March 1949, followed by two more coups that year. A popular uprising against military rule in 1954 saw the army transfer power to civilians; from 1958 to 1961 a brief union with Egypt replaced Syria's parliamentary system with a highly centralized presidential regime. The Ba'ath Syrian Regional Branch government came to power in 1964 after a successful coup d'état. In 1966, another coup overthrew the traditional leaders of the party, Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar. General Hafez al-Assad, the Minister of Defense, seized power in a "corrective revolution" in November 1970, becoming prime minister. In March 1971, Assad declared himself President, a position he would hold until his death in 2000. Since then, the secular Syrian Regional Branch has remained the dominant political authority in a virtual single-party state in Syria, and Syrian citizens may only approve the President by referendum and – until the government-controlled multi-party 2012 parliamentary election – could not vote in multi-party elections for the legislature. Bashar al-Assad, the President of Syria and Asma al-Assad, his wife – who is a British-born and British-educated Sunni Muslim. initially inspired hopes for democratic and state reforms; a "Damascus Spring" of intense social and political debate took place from July 2000 to August 2001.[111] The period was characterized by the emergence of numerous political forums or salons, where groups of like-minded people met in private houses to debate political and social issues. Political activists such as Riad Seif, Haitham al-Maleh, Kamal al-Labwani, Riyad al-Turk and Aref Dalila were important in mobilizing the movement.[112] The most famous of the forums were the Riad Seif Forum and the Jamal al-Atassi Forum. The Damascus Spring ended in August 2001 with the arrest and imprisonment of ten leading activists who had called for democratic elections and for a campaign of civil disobedience. However, since in 2001 also reformists in Parliament had begun to criticize a legacy of stagnation from the rule of former President Hafez al-Assad, Bashar al-Assad has talked about reform but carried out very little, and he has failed to deliver on promised reforms since 2000, analysts say.
Pakistan’s rapid population growth is a crushing burden on the economy, services and society, but on the other, there is an opportunity to harness the potential opportunity of a demographic dividend. Population expansion is a social problem of the whole world. World population is expanding at the rate of about 2% annually. Pakistan is facing this problem seriously because the resources are decreasing due to water – logging and salinity of lands. Floods and erosion of land are major problems every year by which the crops and the lands are wasted. By water logging thousands of acres go barren every year.
Low yield per acre is another problem in agriculture. Our 53% workers are engaged in agriculture which constitutes 28% of the population. (Census 1998)
We import wheat and edible oils from United States of America. Less than 5% population is cultivating the lands in USA. America with a population of more than two hundred million people provides food to its people and exports to other countries including Pakistan. The cause of low yield per acre lies not in less work but in unscientific technology adopted in agriculture.
Every year a large number of crops are wasted by pests besides using pesticides with a heavy financial investment. Similarly the people with limited resources and less information on mechanized farming are unable to control the problem of low yield. More over the supply of better seeds and cultivating machines to the cultivators is not done at the proper time of land cultivation. About half of the lands are cultivated late after the prescribed period. This leads to low production of crops because the plants remain weak and can not face the attack of pests. In this way some of the crops are wasted. This leads to low production per acre in agriculture.
Population expansion is a boon for the nations because none of the countries destroy their men, women and their children. To continue their race, humanity has its purpose to remain continuing from generation to generation with product of children.
Here the problem is that the economic resources are deficient and the requirement of a person is higher for his life. By this way one is disturbed when the balance of income and expenditure becomes unbalanced. Some people say that creating balance between expenditure and income resources is the main aim. I agree with this proposal to the extent that human labour can be utilized in expanding material resources.
Those who oppose this idea say that most of the human beings can not be put into hard labour and output of such labour in less fruitful, in face of requirements.
Another view is that the earning members in a family are a few. The rest of the members depend upon them. This brings down our family income in most of the Middle and Eastern countries the men work and women remain in houses. Although it brings peace in family, and economically the per capita income remains poor in most of the case. Those people who are facing population explosion feel least dissatisfied. They say, we are satisfied and have no problem. They believe on nature and then on their labour.
On the other hand the economists in a family sociologist and exports feel this expansion is a great mean to human life. They say that most of the human resources are consumed by the exceeding number of family members which brings down the standard of living. Some important figures on population growth of Pakistan are that in 1992 our population was 117.32 million. The growth rate was 3.10% in 1998 population increased to 130 million with 2.6% annual.
Crude birth rate (c.b.r) in 35 total number olive birth in an area of 1000 population within one year. Crude death rate is the total numbers of death in an area of 1000 people in one year. t means in a population of 1000 people 26 persons are added every year in Pakistan. In 1000 people the addition will be equal to 26 + 10 = 2.6 it means 2.6% population is increasing annually in Pakistan.
Causes of Population Expansion:
1. Natural birth is allowed in a family. Almost of the children are produced in families, where the culture has on barrier.
2. Modern health and sanitation facilities have led to child birth alive and the chances of death of child and mother have been reduced at maternity. Health centres and education played major role in this respect.
3. The medical facilities have been increased and adopted by the people to control diseases by which the death rate has been reduced.
4. Some cultures lay emphasis on having more and more number of children to make it a sign of Prestige. This has led to Polygamy.
5. People hate the methods of birth control, fell unnatural and dislike their application.
6. Some people think that natural birth should not be stopped because this is against religious values.
Solution of Problem:
1. Till the people are not motivated the population control efforts will remain futile. Those people who are busy in population control Programmes failed to show good results.
2. The motivation Programmes are disliked by people therefore their teaching can not be done openly in society.
3. It is the voluntary programme in which the people can not be forced to adopt their methods that is why the results of the Programme are not encouraging.
4. Most of people are heard saying that two to three children are sufficient in a family.
But when asked to adopt control methods they lay behind because the policy has not been adopted and accepted by the people. Still opposition in there and this needs vast information and Propaganda through mass media communication.
5. Emphasis on hard work and labour should be increased. All the adult members of family to go on work of any nature, so that the income of family may increase. It will reduce the problem of income and standard of living will not suffer. The rate of progress in the family will rise by and by. Unemployed persons should be given jobs of their parents and they should not feel shy in doing work whether it is of any nature.
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